Administrative divisions of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is divided into 16 first-level administrative divisions:
Largest cities in Kazakhstan
| # | City | Population |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Almaty | 1,209,000 |
| 2 | Shymkent | 465,392 |
| 3 | Qaraghandy | 451,800 |
| 4 | Taraz | 358,153 |
| 5 | Nur-SultanCapital | 345,604 |
| 6 | Pavlodar | 329,002 |
| 7 | Oskemen | 319,067 |
| 8 | Semey | 311,353 |
| 9 | Qyzylorda | 300,000 |
| 10 | Aqtobe | 262,457 |
Almaty is the largest urban area in Kazakhstan with about 1,209,000 people; the capital, Nur-Sultan, has about 345,604.
Terrain, rivers & lakes
Highest terrain in Kazakhstan: ≈ 6,977 m — read from the global elevation model, so summit heights are approximate. The physical map paints elevation bands from green lowlands to brown highlands.
🌊 Rivers
- Ural
- Syr Darya
- Tobol
- Ertis
- Ertix
- Ile
- Esil
- Ishim
🏞️ Lakes
- Lake Balkhash
- Lake
- Siletitengiz Kli
- Lake Sasykkol
- Marqakol
- Ozero Maraldy
- Ozero Teke
- Qyzylqaq Kli
- Žalauly Kli
- Shreksor Kli
- Qarasor Kli
- Iken Zhbolat Lake
- Qiyakty Kli
- Kerey Kli
- Qozhakl
- Yke Lake
- Saryqopa Kli
- Shaghalalytengiz Kli
- Zharman Kli
- Iken Aqsuat Kli
- Koybaghar Kli
- Imantau Kli
- Qalybek Kli
- Kishi Qaraoy Kli
- Lake Zaysan
- Shardara Bgeni
- Kapchagay Reservoir
- Alakol
- Tengiz Köli
- Qusmuryn Köli
- Qypshaq Kli
- Ozero Shalkar
- South Aral Sea
- Barsakelmes Lake
- North Aral Sea
Ethnic groups in Kazakhstan
Kazakh 71%, Russian 14.9%, Uzbek 3.3%, Ukrainian 1.9%, Uyghurs 1.5%, German 1.1%, Tatar 1.1%, other 4.9%, unspecified 0.3% (2023 est.)
Regionally, Kazakh is the most common ethnic group across most of the 16 divisions, while Russian predominates in 1 division (North Kazakhstan).
Source: CIA World Factbook (2023 est.) · regional dominance compiled by Glostats from censuses and surveys
Religions in Kazakhstan
Muslim 69.3%, Christian 17.2% (Orthodox 17%, other 0.2%), Buddhism 0.1%, other 0.1%, non-believers 2.3%, unspecified 11% (2021 est.)
Regionally, Muslim is the most common religious group across most of the 16 divisions, while Christian predominates in 1 division (North Kazakhstan).
Source: CIA World Factbook (2021 est.) · regional dominance compiled by Glostats from censuses and surveys
Languages in Kazakhstan
Kazakh (official, Qazaq) 80.1%, Russian 83.7%, English 35.1% (2021 est.)
Regionally, Kazakh is the most common language group across most of the 16 divisions, while Russian predominates in 4 divisions (North Kazakhstan, Qostanay, Pavlodar, Qaraghandy).
Source: CIA World Factbook (2021 est.) · regional dominance compiled by Glostats from censuses and surveys
Explore more
Sources: boundaries, cities, rivers and lakes from Natural Earth (public domain, 1:10m); elevation from the AWS Open Data terrain tiles (SRTM/GMTED); ethnic, religious and language shares from the CIA World Factbook; regional dominance compiled by Glostats from national censuses and surveys. Page generated 2026-10-19. More about our data.