Quick facts
Indonesia population overview
Indonesia is the 3rd most populous of 52 countries and territories in Asia. The United Nations put the population at 286,821,066 on 1 January 2026; with an annual growth rate of +0.7% the live estimate on this page rises by roughly 5,811 people per day.
Over a full year that means about 4,417,044 births (15.4 per 1,000 people) and 2,237,204 deaths (7.8 per 1,000), and net emigration of roughly 28,682 people. The infant mortality rate is 15.6 per 1,000 live births.
World Bank data show the population grew from 88,296,070 in 1960 to 285,721,236 in 2025 — a change of +223.6%, or +1.8% per year on average. The population is at its all-time high today.
Demographically, the median age is 30.7 years; life expectancy at birth is 71.6 years; women have on average 2.1 children (2024, above the 2.1 replacement level); 24.2% of residents are under 15 and 7.5% are 65 or older (2025); 59.4% of people live in urban areas (2025).
The capital is Jakarta. Indonesia covers 1,916,907 km², giving a population density of about 151 people per km². GDP was $1.45T in 2025 — about $5,060 per person (World Bank classification: upper middle income).
Indonesia population statistics (2026)
| Population (live, October 2026) | 288,513,685 |
|---|---|
| UN estimate, 1 Jan 2026 | 286,821,066 |
| World rank | #4 of 238 |
| Rank in Asia | #3 of 52 |
| Share of world population | 3.5% |
| Annual growth rate | +0.7% |
| Births per year est. | 4,417,044 |
| Deaths per year est. | 2,237,204 |
| Net migration per year est. | -28,682 |
| Birth rate | 15.4 per 1,000 |
| Death rate | 7.8 per 1,000 |
| Infant mortality | 15.6 per 1,000 births |
| Sex ratio | 100.9 males per 100 females |
| Median age | 30.7 years |
| Life expectancy | 71.6 years |
| Fertility rate 2024 | 2.1 births per woman |
| Urban population 2025 | 59.4% |
| Surface area 2023 | 1,916,907 km² |
| Population density | 151 per km² |
| Capital | Jakarta |
| GDP (current US$) 2025 | $1.45T |
| GDP per capita 2025 | $5,060 |
| Income group World Bank | Upper middle income |
Indonesia population by year
| Year | Population | Change | Annual growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 (live, UN-based) | 288,513,685 | – | – |
| 2025 | 285,721,236 | +2,233,305 | +0.8% |
| 2024 | 283,487,931 | +2,297,864 | +0.8% |
| 2023 | 281,190,067 | +2,359,538 | +0.8% |
| 2022 | 278,830,529 | +2,072,476 | +0.7% |
| 2021 | 276,758,053 | +1,943,187 | +0.7% |
| 2020 | 274,814,866 | +13,015,617 | +1% |
| 2015 | 261,799,249 | +15,493,927 | +1.2% |
| 2010 | 246,305,322 | +15,433,672 | +1.3% |
| 2005 | 230,871,650 | +14,793,860 | +1.3% |
| 2000 | 216,077,790 | +16,189,733 | +1.6% |
| 1995 | 199,888,057 | +16,386,959 | +1.7% |
| 1990 | 183,501,098 | +16,724,913 | +1.9% |
| 1985 | 166,776,185 | +17,825,645 | +2.3% |
| 1980 | 148,950,540 | +17,106,692 | +2.5% |
| 1975 | 131,843,848 | +16,186,353 | +2.7% |
| 1970 | 115,657,495 | +14,292,365 | +2.7% |
| 1965 | 101,365,130 | +13,069,060 | +2.8% |
| 1960 | 88,296,070 | – | – |
Change and annual growth are measured against the previous row; growth is annualized where rows are five years apart. The live row extrapolates the UN estimate and is not directly comparable with the World Bank series.
About Indonesia
Population over time
- From 88,296,070 in 1960 to 288,513,685 today — up 226.8%.
- The population is at its all-time high right now.
- Average change over the last 10 years of data: +0.9% per year.
Life expectancy & fertility
- Life expectancy at birth: 71.3 years (2024), up 24.5 years since 1960.
- Fertility: 2.1 births per woman (2024) — above the ~2.1 replacement level.
Birth & death rates
- Latest: 15.8 births vs 7.6 deaths per 1,000 people (2024).
- Natural increase of 8.1 per 1,000 a year, before migration.
Age structure
- 24.2% of the population is under 15 and 7.5% is 65 or older (2025).
- The 65+ share has grown from 2.4% in 1960 — the population is aging.
CO₂ emissions
- Latest total: 812.2 Mt CO₂ (2024).
- Emissions are at or near their historical peak.
- Per person: 2.87 t in 2024, vs 0.27 t in 1970.
Energy use & renewables
- Energy use: 982.4 kg of oil equivalent per person (2023), up 112.9% since 1990.
- Renewables supplied 20.2% of final energy in 2021 (-39 points since 1990).
Forest area (% of land)
- Forest covers 47.7% of land area (2023).
- Net deforestation: cover fell from 65.4% to 47.7% since 1990 — roughly 339,593 km² of forest lost.
Urban population (% of total)
- 59.4% of people live in urban areas (2025), vs 14.6% in 1960 (+44.8 points).
- Became majority-urban around 2011.
Water resources & stress
- Water stress: low–medium — freshwater withdrawals are 11% of renewable internal resources (2022, SDG 6.4.2-style bands).
- Renewable freshwater per person: 7,240 m³ in 2022, down 67.4% since 1961.
Economy
- GDP: $1.45T in 2025.
- Nominal GDP is up 67.9% since 2015.
- That works out to $5,060 per person.
Unemployment & inflation
- Unemployment: 3.2% of the labor force (2025, ILO estimate).
- Consumer-price inflation: 1.9% in 2025.
Internet & mobile
- 72.8% of people used the internet in 2024.
- Mobile subscriptions: 122.5 per 100 people (2024) — more subscriptions than people.
Indonesia in the news
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Indonesia in 2026?
As of October 2026, Indonesia has an estimated population of 288,513,685. The United Nations estimated 286,821,066 residents on 1 January 2026; the live figure on this page extrapolates that estimate using the +0.7% annual growth rate.
Is the population of Indonesia growing or shrinking?
It is growing at +0.7% per year — roughly 5,811 more people every day. Each year there are about 4,417,044 births and 2,237,204 deaths, with net migration of -28,682.
What is the population density of Indonesia?
About 151 people per square kilometre: 288,513,685 people living on 1,916,907 km² of surface area (World Bank, 2023).
What is the median age in Indonesia?
The median age is 30.7 years, and life expectancy at birth is 71.6 years. 24.2% of the population is under 15 and 7.5% is 65 or older (2025).
How does Indonesia rank by population?
Indonesia is the 4th most populous of 238 countries and territories worldwide and the 3rd in Asia, with 3.5% of the global population.
How has the population of Indonesia changed over time?
In 1960 the population was 88,296,070; by 2025 it had grown to 285,721,236 (+223.6%). The year-by-year table above lists the full World Bank series.
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RussiaSources & method: the live population is a linear extrapolation of the UN World Population Prospects estimate for 1 January 2026 using the annual growth rate (+0.7%); births, deaths and migration counters apply the UN crude rates to the live figure. Historical series, area, GDP and other indicators are from World Bank Open Data; the encyclopedic summary is from Wikipedia. Figures are statistical estimates, not census counts. Page generated 2026-10-19. More about our data.