At a glance
China vs Russia: 28 indicators side by side
| Indicator |  China |  Russia | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 👥 Population | |||
| Population people | 1,411,974,134 | 143,296,629 | China 9.9× |
| Population growth rate % per year | -0.2 | -0.2 | +0 pts |
| Population density people per km² | 147.72026 | 8.42026 | +139.3 |
| Surface area km² | 9,562,9102023 | 17,125,1902023 | Russia 1.8× |
| Birth rate births per 1,000 people | 6.82024 | 8.42024 | -1.6 |
| Death rate deaths per 1,000 people | 7.82024 | 12.42024 | -4.6 |
| Net migration rate per 1,000 people per year | -0.2 | +2.3 | -2.5 |
| Urban population % of population | 66.32025 | 75.32025 | -8.9 pts |
| Sex ratio males per 100 females | 103.6 | 86.4 | +17.2 |
| ❤️ Demographics & Health | |||
| Life expectancy years | 782024 | 73.42024 | +4.6 |
| Fertility rate births per woman | 1.012024 | 1.422024 | -0.4 |
| Median age years | 40.6 | 40.7 | -0.1 |
| Infant mortality deaths per 1,000 live births | 5.4 | 3.9 | +1.5 |
| Population under 15 % of population | 15.42025 | 172025 | -1.6 pts |
| Population aged 65+ % of population | 14.92025 | 17.82025 | -2.9 pts |
| 💰 Economy | |||
| GDP current US$ | $19.50T2025 | $2.56T2025 | China 7.6× |
| GDP per capita current US$ | $13,8622025 | $17,8472025 | Russia 1.3× |
| Unemployment rate % of labor force | 4.62025 | 2.12025 | +2.5 pts |
| Inflation rate % annual, consumer prices | 0.12025 | 8.72025 | -8.7 pts |
| 🌱 Environment & Energy | |||
| CO₂ emissions Mt CO₂ per year | 13,1252024 | 2,009.22024 | China 6.5× |
| CO₂ emissions per capita tonnes per person | 9.322024 | 13.982024 | -4.67 |
| Energy use per capita kg of oil equivalent per person | 2,8512023 | 5,4982023 | Russia 1.9× |
| Renewable energy share % of final energy | 15.22021 | 3.52021 | +11.7 pts |
| Forest area % of land area | 242023 | 49.82023 | -25.8 pts |
| Freshwater resources per capita m³ per person per year | 1,9922022 | 29,8952022 | Russia 15× |
| Water stress % of resources withdrawn | 20.22022 | 1.52022 | +18.7 pts |
| 📶 Digital | |||
| Internet users % of population | 91.62025 | 94.42024 | -2.8 pts |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 131.82024 | 186.12024 | -54.3 |
▲ marks the higher value (for death rate, infant mortality, unemployment, inflation, CO₂ and water stress: the lower value). "Difference" is the ratio for absolute measures and China minus Russia for rates and shares. Years in grey are the latest available for that country.
China compared with Russia
China has a live population of about 1,411,974,134 (#2 in the world) and Russia about 143,296,629 (#9), so China has 9.9 times as many people as Russia. China is growing at -0.2% a year and Russia at -0.2%.
By area Russia is larger: 17,125,190 km² against 9,562,910 km², which gives population densities of 147.7 people per km² in China and 8.4 in Russia.
China's economy is worth $19.50T (2025) and Russia's $2.56T (2025); per person that is $13,862 in China versus $17,847 in Russia, so the average Russia resident produces 1.3 times as much.
Life expectancy is 78 years in China and 73.4 in Russia; women have 1 children on average in China compared with 1.4 in Russia; the median age is 40.6 versus 40.7 years.
66.3% of China's people live in cities against 75.3% in Russia; 91.6% use the internet in China and 94.4% in Russia; CO₂ emissions per person are 9.3 t in China and 14 t in Russia.
Population over time
Life expectancy & fertility
Birth & death rates
Age structure
CO₂ emissions
Energy use & renewables
Forest area
Urban population
Water resources & stress
Economy
Unemployment & inflation
Internet & mobile
Frequently asked questions
Which is bigger, China or Russia?
By population China is bigger: 1,411,974,134 people versus 143,296,629 (live estimates, October 2026). By area Russia is larger (17,125,190 km² vs 9,562,910 km²).
Which has the larger economy, China or Russia?
China: GDP of $19,498,039,388,043 versus $2,561,310,169,359 in current US dollars (World Bank, 2025/2025).
Where do people live longer, China or Russia?
Life expectancy at birth is 78 years in China and 73.4 years in Russia, a difference of 4.6 years in favour of China.
How are these comparisons calculated?
Live populations extrapolate the UN World Population Prospects baseline with each country's growth rate; every other figure is the latest value published by World Bank Open Data (or the UN for median age, infant mortality and migration). Each row shows the year of the figure, and the charts below overlay the full historical series of both countries.
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Russia vs JapanSources & method: live populations are linear extrapolations of the UN World Population Prospects estimates; all other indicators are the latest values from World Bank Open Data (UN WPP for median age, infant mortality, sex ratio and net migration). Figures are statistical estimates, not census counts. Page generated 2026-10-19. More about our data.