Quick facts
Monaco population overview
Monaco is the 48th most populous of 50 countries and territories in Europe. The United Nations put the population at 39,009 on 1 January 2026; with an annual growth rate of -0.6% the live estimate on this page falls by roughly 1 people per day.
Over a full year that means about 378 births (9.7 per 1,000 people) and 733 deaths (18.8 per 1,000), plus net immigration of roughly 109 people. The infant mortality rate is 3.7 per 1,000 live births.
World Bank data show the population grew from 21,808 in 1960 to 38,341 in 2025 — a change of +75.8%, or +0.9% per year on average. It peaked at 38,956 in 2023 and has declined 0.3% since.
Demographically, the median age is 53.1 years; life expectancy at birth is 86.7 years; women have on average 2.1 children (2024, above the 2.1 replacement level); 13.8% of residents are under 15 and 36% are 65 or older (2025); 100% of people live in urban areas (2025).
The capital is Monaco. Monaco covers 75 km², giving a population density of about 518 people per km². GDP was $11.13B in 2024 — about $288,002 per person (World Bank classification: high income).
Monaco population statistics (2026)
| Population (live, October 2026) | 38,828 |
|---|---|
| UN estimate, 1 Jan 2026 | 39,009 |
| World rank | #220 of 238 |
| Rank in Europe | #48 of 50 |
| Share of world population | less than 0.001% |
| Annual growth rate | -0.6% |
| Births per year est. | 378 |
| Deaths per year est. | 733 |
| Net migration per year est. | +109 |
| Birth rate | 9.7 per 1,000 |
| Death rate | 18.8 per 1,000 |
| Infant mortality | 3.7 per 1,000 births |
| Sex ratio | 95.7 males per 100 females |
| Median age | 53.1 years |
| Life expectancy | 86.7 years |
| Fertility rate 2024 | 2.1 births per woman |
| Urban population 2025 | 100% |
| Surface area 2023 | 75 km² |
| Population density | 518 per km² |
| Capital | Monaco |
| GDP (current US$) 2024 | $11.13B |
| GDP per capita 2024 | $288,002 |
| Income group World Bank | High income |
Monaco population by year
| Year | Population | Change | Annual growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 (live, UN-based) | 38,828 | – | – |
| 2025 | 38,341 | -290 | -0.8% |
| 2024 | 38,631 | -325 | -0.8% |
| 2023 | 38,956 | +25 | +0.1% |
| 2022 | 38,931 | +404 | +1% |
| 2021 | 38,527 | +477 | +1.3% |
| 2020 | 38,050 | +1,293 | +0.7% |
| 2015 | 36,757 | +3,594 | +2.1% |
| 2010 | 33,163 | +953 | +0.6% |
| 2005 | 32,210 | -245 | -0.2% |
| 2000 | 32,455 | +846 | +0.5% |
| 1995 | 31,609 | +1,251 | +0.8% |
| 1990 | 30,358 | +1,627 | +1.1% |
| 1985 | 28,731 | +1,609 | +1.2% |
| 1980 | 27,122 | +1,622 | +1.2% |
| 1975 | 25,500 | +1,271 | +1% |
| 1970 | 24,229 | +1,288 | +1.1% |
| 1965 | 22,941 | +1,133 | +1% |
| 1960 | 21,808 | – | – |
Change and annual growth are measured against the previous row; growth is annualized where rows are five years apart. The live row extrapolates the UN estimate and is not directly comparable with the World Bank series.
About Monaco
Population over time
- From 21,808 in 1960 to 38,828 today — up 78%.
- Population peaked at 38,956 in 2023 and is down 0.3% since.
- Average change over the last 10 years of data: +0.4% per year.
Life expectancy & fertility
- Life expectancy at birth: 86.5 years (2024), up 14.6 years since 1960.
- Fertility: 2.1 births per woman (2024) — above the ~2.1 replacement level.
Birth & death rates
- Latest: 9.6 births vs 20.1 deaths per 1,000 people (2024).
- Deaths outnumber births — natural decrease of 10.6 per 1,000 a year.
Age structure
- 13.8% of the population is under 15 and 36% is 65 or older (2025).
- The 65+ share has grown from 18.9% in 1960 — the population is aging.
Forest area (% of land)
- Forest covers 0% of land area (2023).
- Cover has been essentially stable since 1990 (+0 points).
Urban population (% of total)
- 100% of people live in urban areas (2025), vs 100% in 1960 (+0 points).
- Majority-urban for the whole period covered.
Economy
- GDP: $11.13B in 2024.
- Nominal GDP is up 57.4% since 2014.
- That works out to $288,002 per person.
Internet & mobile
- 99% of people used the internet in 2024.
- Mobile subscriptions: 107.4 per 100 people (2024) — more subscriptions than people.
Monaco in the news
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Monaco in 2026?
As of October 2026, Monaco has an estimated population of 38,828. The United Nations estimated 39,009 residents on 1 January 2026; the live figure on this page extrapolates that estimate using the -0.6% annual growth rate.
Is the population of Monaco growing or shrinking?
It is shrinking at -0.6% per year — roughly 1 fewer people every day. Each year there are about 378 births and 733 deaths, with net migration of +109.
What is the population density of Monaco?
About 518 people per square kilometre: 38,828 people living on 75 km² of surface area (World Bank, 2023).
What is the median age in Monaco?
The median age is 53.1 years, and life expectancy at birth is 86.7 years. 13.8% of the population is under 15 and 36% is 65 or older (2025).
How does Monaco rank by population?
Monaco is the 220th most populous of 238 countries and territories worldwide and the 48th in Europe, with less than 0.001% of the global population.
How has the population of Monaco changed over time?
In 1960 the population was 21,808; by 2025 it had grown to 38,341 (+75.8%). The year-by-year table above lists the full World Bank series.
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Marshall IslandsSources & method: the live population is a linear extrapolation of the UN World Population Prospects estimate for 1 January 2026 using the annual growth rate (-0.6%); births, deaths and migration counters apply the UN crude rates to the live figure. Historical series, area, GDP and other indicators are from World Bank Open Data; the encyclopedic summary is from Wikipedia. Figures are statistical estimates, not census counts. Page generated 2026-10-19. More about our data.