At a glance
Japan vs Spain: 28 indicators side by side
| Indicator |  Japan |  Spain | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 👥 Population | |||
| Population people | 122,224,102 | 47,837,277 | Japan 2.6× |
| Population growth rate % per year | -0.6 | -0.1 | -0.5 pts |
| Population density people per km² | 323.42026 | 94.52026 | +228.8 |
| Surface area km² | 377,9692023 | 505,9762023 | Spain 1.3× |
| Birth rate births per 1,000 people | 5.72024 | 6.52024 | -0.8 |
| Death rate deaths per 1,000 people | 13.32024 | 8.92024 | +4.4 |
| Net migration rate per 1,000 people per year | +1.1 | +1.8 | -0.7 |
| Urban population % of population | 92.32025 | 80.52025 | +11.8 pts |
| Sex ratio males per 100 females | 95.1 | 96.4 | -1.3 |
| ❤️ Demographics & Health | |||
| Life expectancy years | 842024 | 83.92024 | +0.1 |
| Fertility rate births per woman | 1.152024 | 1.12024 | +0.05 |
| Median age years | 50.2 | 46.3 | +3.9 |
| Infant mortality deaths per 1,000 live births | 1.6 | 2.1 | -0.5 |
| Population under 15 % of population | 11.22025 | 12.62025 | -1.4 pts |
| Population aged 65+ % of population | 302025 | 21.62025 | +8.4 pts |
| 💰 Economy | |||
| GDP current US$ | $4.44T2025 | $1.91T2025 | Japan 2.3× |
| GDP per capita current US$ | $35,9512025 | $38,6272025 | Spain 1.1× |
| Unemployment rate % of labor force | 2.52025 | 10.42025 | -7.9 pts |
| Inflation rate % annual, consumer prices | 3.22025 | 2.72025 | +0.5 pts |
| 🌱 Environment & Energy | |||
| CO₂ emissions Mt CO₂ per year | 972.32024 | 220.12024 | Japan 4.4× |
| CO₂ emissions per capita tonnes per person | 7.842024 | 4.512024 | +3.34 |
| Energy use per capita kg of oil equivalent per person | 3,0062024 | 2,3042024 | Japan 1.3× |
| Renewable energy share % of final energy | 8.82021 | 192021 | -10.2 pts |
| Forest area % of land area | 68.42023 | 37.22023 | +31.2 pts |
| Freshwater resources per capita m³ per person per year | 3,4372022 | 2,3272022 | Japan 1.5× |
| Water stress % of resources withdrawn | 18.52022 | 26.12022 | -7.6 pts |
| 📶 Digital | |||
| Internet users % of population | 85.52024 | 95.82024 | -10.2 pts |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 178.42023 | 130.32024 | +48.2 |
▲ marks the higher value (for death rate, infant mortality, unemployment, inflation, CO₂ and water stress: the lower value). "Difference" is the ratio for absolute measures and Japan minus Spain for rates and shares. Years in grey are the latest available for that country.
Japan compared with Spain
Japan has a live population of about 122,224,102 (#12 in the world) and Spain about 47,837,277 (#32), so Japan has 2.6 times as many people as Spain. Japan is growing at -0.6% a year and Spain at -0.1%.
By area Spain is larger: 505,976 km² against 377,969 km², which gives population densities of 323.4 people per km² in Japan and 94.5 in Spain.
Japan's economy is worth $4.44T (2025) and Spain's $1.91T (2025); per person that is $35,951 in Japan versus $38,627 in Spain, so the average Spain resident produces 1.1 times as much.
Life expectancy is 84 years in Japan and 83.9 in Spain; women have 1.2 children on average in Japan compared with 1.1 in Spain; the median age is 50.2 versus 46.3 years.
92.3% of Japan's people live in cities against 80.5% in Spain; 85.5% use the internet in Japan and 95.8% in Spain; CO₂ emissions per person are 7.8 t in Japan and 4.5 t in Spain.
Population over time
Life expectancy & fertility
Birth & death rates
Age structure
CO₂ emissions
Energy use & renewables
Forest area
Urban population
Water resources & stress
Economy
Unemployment & inflation
Internet & mobile
Frequently asked questions
Which is bigger, Japan or Spain?
By population Japan is bigger: 122,224,102 people versus 47,837,277 (live estimates, October 2026). By area Spain is larger (505,976 km² vs 377,969 km²).
Which has the larger economy, Japan or Spain?
Japan: GDP of $4,435,162,999,977 versus $1,906,453,309,986 in current US dollars (World Bank, 2025/2025).
Where do people live longer, Japan or Spain?
Life expectancy at birth is 84 years in Japan and 83.9 years in Spain, a difference of 0.1 years in favour of Japan.
How are these comparisons calculated?
Live populations extrapolate the UN World Population Prospects baseline with each country's growth rate; every other figure is the latest value published by World Bank Open Data (or the UN for median age, infant mortality and migration). Each row shows the year of the figure, and the charts below overlay the full historical series of both countries.
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Spain vs ArgentinaSources & method: live populations are linear extrapolations of the UN World Population Prospects estimates; all other indicators are the latest values from World Bank Open Data (UN WPP for median age, infant mortality, sex ratio and net migration). Figures are statistical estimates, not census counts. Page generated 2026-10-19. More about our data.