Quick facts
Egypt population overview
Egypt is the 3rd most populous of 58 countries and territories in Africa. The United Nations put the population at 119,234,695 on 1 January 2026; with an annual growth rate of +1.4% the live estimate on this page rises by roughly 4,701 people per day.
Over a full year that means about 2,444,311 births (20.5 per 1,000 people) and 667,714 deaths (5.6 per 1,000), and net emigration of roughly 47,694 people. The infant mortality rate is 12 per 1,000 live births.
World Bank data show the population grew from 26,896,479 in 1960 to 118,365,995 in 2025 — a change of +340.1%, or +2.3% per year on average. The population is at its all-time high today.
Demographically, the median age is 24.7 years; life expectancy at birth is 72.2 years; women have on average 2.7 children (2024, above the 2.1 replacement level); 31.6% of residents are under 15 and 5.3% are 65 or older (2025); 42.9% of people live in urban areas (2025).
The capital is Cairo. Egypt covers 1,001,450 km², giving a population density of about 120 people per km². GDP was $365.25B in 2025 — about $3,086 per person (World Bank classification: lower middle income).
Egypt population statistics (2026)
| Population (live, October 2026) | 120,603,942 |
|---|---|
| UN estimate, 1 Jan 2026 | 119,234,695 |
| World rank | #13 of 238 |
| Rank in Africa | #3 of 58 |
| Share of world population | 1.5% |
| Annual growth rate | +1.4% |
| Births per year est. | 2,444,311 |
| Deaths per year est. | 667,714 |
| Net migration per year est. | -47,694 |
| Birth rate | 20.5 per 1,000 |
| Death rate | 5.6 per 1,000 |
| Infant mortality | 12 per 1,000 births |
| Sex ratio | 101.9 males per 100 females |
| Median age | 24.7 years |
| Life expectancy | 72.2 years |
| Fertility rate 2024 | 2.7 births per woman |
| Urban population 2025 | 42.9% |
| Surface area 2023 | 1,001,450 km² |
| Population density | 120 per km² |
| Capital | Cairo |
| GDP (current US$) 2025 | $365.25B |
| GDP per capita 2025 | $3,086 |
| Income group World Bank | Lower middle income |
Egypt population by year
| Year | Population | Change | Annual growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 (live, UN-based) | 120,603,942 | – | – |
| 2025 | 118,365,995 | +1,827,737 | +1.6% |
| 2024 | 116,538,258 | +2,002,486 | +1.7% |
| 2023 | 114,535,772 | +1,917,522 | +1.7% |
| 2022 | 112,618,250 | +1,661,242 | +1.5% |
| 2021 | 110,957,008 | +1,641,884 | +1.5% |
| 2020 | 109,315,124 | +9,717,782 | +1.9% |
| 2015 | 99,597,342 | +10,401,270 | +2.2% |
| 2010 | 89,196,072 | +8,095,068 | +1.9% |
| 2005 | 81,101,004 | +8,017,720 | +2.1% |
| 2000 | 73,083,284 | +7,430,662 | +2.2% |
| 1995 | 65,652,622 | +7,256,004 | +2.4% |
| 1990 | 58,396,618 | +7,661,650 | +2.9% |
| 1985 | 50,734,968 | +6,784,555 | +2.9% |
| 1980 | 43,950,413 | +5,075,086 | +2.5% |
| 1975 | 38,875,327 | +4,251,337 | +2.3% |
| 1970 | 34,623,990 | +3,994,816 | +2.5% |
| 1965 | 30,629,174 | +3,732,695 | +2.6% |
| 1960 | 26,896,479 | – | – |
Change and annual growth are measured against the previous row; growth is annualized where rows are five years apart. The live row extrapolates the UN estimate and is not directly comparable with the World Bank series.
About Egypt
Population over time
- From 26,896,479 in 1960 to 120,603,942 today — up 348.4%.
- The population is at its all-time high right now.
- Average change over the last 10 years of data: +1.7% per year.
Life expectancy & fertility
- Life expectancy at birth: 71.8 years (2024), up 27.4 years since 1960.
- Fertility: 2.7 births per woman (2024) — above the ~2.1 replacement level.
Birth & death rates
- Latest: 20.9 births vs 5.5 deaths per 1,000 people (2024).
- Natural increase of 15.4 per 1,000 a year, before migration.
Age structure
- 31.6% of the population is under 15 and 5.3% is 65 or older (2025).
- The 65+ share has grown from 3.6% in 1960 — the population is aging.
CO₂ emissions
- Latest total: 291.6 Mt CO₂ (2024).
- Emissions are at or near their historical peak.
- Per person: 2.5 t in 2024, vs 0.74 t in 1970.
Energy use & renewables
- Energy use: 928.4 kg of oil equivalent per person (2023), up 61.3% since 1990.
- Renewables supplied 6.1% of final energy in 2021 (-2.9 points since 1990).
Forest area (% of land)
- Forest covers 0% of land area (2023).
- Cover has been essentially stable since 1990 (+0 points).
Urban population (% of total)
- 42.9% of people live in urban areas (2025), vs 37.8% in 1960 (+5.1 points).
- Still majority-rural — less than half the population lives in cities.
Water resources & stress
- Water stress: critical — freshwater withdrawals are 7,750% of renewable internal resources (2022, SDG 6.4.2-style bands).
- Renewable freshwater per person: 9 m³ in 2022, down 75.5% since 1961.
Economy
- GDP: $365.25B in 2025.
- Nominal GDP is up 10.9% since 2015.
- That works out to $3,086 per person.
Unemployment & inflation
- Unemployment: 6.8% of the labor force (2025, ILO estimate).
- Consumer-price inflation: 14.1% in 2025 — persistently high inflation erodes real incomes.
Internet & mobile
- 74.6% of people used the internet in 2024.
- Mobile subscriptions: 97.1 per 100 people (2024).
Egypt in the news
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Egypt in 2026?
As of October 2026, Egypt has an estimated population of 120,603,942. The United Nations estimated 119,234,695 residents on 1 January 2026; the live figure on this page extrapolates that estimate using the +1.4% annual growth rate.
Is the population of Egypt growing or shrinking?
It is growing at +1.4% per year — roughly 4,701 more people every day. Each year there are about 2,444,311 births and 667,714 deaths, with net migration of -47,694.
What is the population density of Egypt?
About 120 people per square kilometre: 120,603,942 people living on 1,001,450 km² of surface area (World Bank, 2023).
What is the median age in Egypt?
The median age is 24.7 years, and life expectancy at birth is 72.2 years. 31.6% of the population is under 15 and 5.3% is 65 or older (2025).
How does Egypt rank by population?
Egypt is the 13th most populous of 238 countries and territories worldwide and the 3rd in Africa, with 1.5% of the global population.
How has the population of Egypt changed over time?
In 1960 the population was 26,896,479; by 2025 it had grown to 118,365,995 (+340.1%). The year-by-year table above lists the full World Bank series.
Explore more
Nigeria
Ethiopia
DR Congo
Tanzania
Philippines
Japan
Mexico
VietnamSources & method: the live population is a linear extrapolation of the UN World Population Prospects estimate for 1 January 2026 using the annual growth rate (+1.4%); births, deaths and migration counters apply the UN crude rates to the live figure. Historical series, area, GDP and other indicators are from World Bank Open Data; the encyclopedic summary is from Wikipedia. Figures are statistical estimates, not census counts. Page generated 2026-10-19. More about our data.